Synergistic anti-liver cancer effects of curcumin and total ginsenosides

Figure 3 Curcumin and total ginsenosides inhibit the activation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and nitric oxide synthase. A-D: The protein levels of nitric oxide synthase, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and nuclear factor-κB were evaluated by Western blot analysis in tumor tissues from a subcutaneous liver cancer mouse model. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was used as the loading control. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean, and were compared between two groups using least significant difference or Dunnett’s T3 method. ^aP < 0.05 and ^bP < 0.01 vs vehicle group; ^cP < 0.05 and ^dP < 0.01 vs TG-104 group; ^eP < 0.05 and ^fP < 0.01 vs TG-520 group; ^gP < 0.05 and ^hP < 0.01 vs Cur group; ⁱP < 0.05 and ^jP < 0.01 vs Cur + TG-104 group; ^kP < 0.05 and ^lP < 0.01 vs Cur + TG-520 group. Cur: Curcumin; TG: Total ginsenosides; DDP: Cisplatin; 5-Fu: 5-fluorouracil; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-κB.