Old vs new: Risk factors predicting early onset colorectal cancer

Table 3 Effect level comparison for early-onset colorectal cancer

	Later-onset CRC		Control
	Cohen’s d	Effect level	Cohen’s d	Effect level
Gender (%)
Male	-0.02	-	0.07	+
Female	0.02	+	-0.07	-
Ethnicity (%)
Caucasian	-0.20	-	0.09	+
African-American	0.04	+	0.05	+
Asian	-0.03	-	-0.03	-
Symptoms (%)
Abdominal pain	0.14	+	0.37	+ +
Rectal pain	0.10	+	0.48	+ +
Altered bowel function	0.03	+	0.41	+ +
Rectal bleeding	0.02	+	0.55	+ + +
Weight loss	-0.10	-	0.48	+ +
Family History (%)
Of cancer	0.14	+	0.59	+ + +
Of GI malignancy	0.21	+ +	0.80	+ + + +
Of polyps	0.08	+	0.50	+ + +
Social History (%)
Tobacco use	-0.04	-	0.22	+ +
Alcohol use	-0.04	-	0.13	+
Comorbidities (%)
Colitis	0.02	+	0.34	+ +
BMI ≥ 30	0.03	+	0.25	+ +
Hypertension	-0.36	-	0.25	+ +
Hyperlipidemia	-0.39	-	0.21	+ +
Polyp history (%)	-0.07	-	0.53	+ + +

CRC: Colorectal cancer; GI: Gastrointestinal; BMI: Body mass index.