Clinical impact of confocal laser endomicroscopy in the management of gastrointestinal lesions with an uncertain diagnosis

Figure 2 Undetermined stenosis of the biliary tract. A: ERCP was performed in a patient with undetermined stenosis who was cytobrush-negative for malignancy; B: Spyglass cholangioscopy showing a reddish area that was not suspected of malignancy; C: CLE showing dark clumps that were suspected of malignancy (image optimized using the “black-red-yellow” image color palette in Cellvizio^® viewer software); D: The histological results of a target biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. CLE: Confocal laser endomicroscopy; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.