Impact of laparoscopic liver resection on bleeding complications in patients receiving antithrombotics

Table 2 Factors concerning operative procedures and postoperative morbidity n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 258)	ATT (n = 100)			Non-ATT (n = 158)
		LLR (n = 35)	OLR (n = 65)	P value	LLR (n = 42)	OLR (n = 116)	P value
Liver diseases				0.393			0.271
HCC	97 (37.6)	15 (42.9)	22 (33.8)		19 (45.2)	41 (35.3)
Non HCC	161 (62.4)	20 (57.1)	43 (66.2)		23 (54.8)	75 (64.7)
Type of operation				< 0.001			0.004
Partial resection	163 (63.2)	24 (68.6)	38 (58.5)		31 (73.8)	70 (60.3)
Sub-sectionectomy (S5, 6, 8)	9 (3.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (3.1)		4 (9.5)	3 (2.6)
Lateral sectionectomy	19 (7.4)	9 (25.7)	1 (1.5)		4 (9.5)	5 (4.3)
Other anatomical hepatectomy	67 (26.0)	2 (5.7)	24 (36.9)		3 (7.1)	38 (32.8)
Duration of ope., min, median (range)	230 (74-705)	198 (98-418)	257 (86-587)	0.011	204 (104-420)	242 (74-705)	0.049
Surgical blood loss, mL, median (range)	200 (1-11070)	80 (1-850)	310 (5-2100)	< 0.001	50 (1-530)	265 (2-11070)	0.007
Intraoperative RBC transfusion	45 (17.4)	4 (11.4)	12 (18.5)	0.408	3 (7.1)	26 (22.4)	0.035
Postop. complication
None	217 (84.1)	34 (97.1)	50 (76.9)	0.009	41 (97.6)	92 (79.3)	0.005
Superficial SSI	8 (3.1)	0 (0.0)	2 (3.1)		1 (2.4)	7 (6.0)
Deep SSI	5 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	3 (4.6)		0 (0.0)	2 (1.7)
Bile leakage	11 (4.3)	0 (0.0)	4 (6.2)		0 (0.0)	7 (6.0)
Bleeding complication	8 (3.1)	0 (0.0)	3 (4.6)		0 (0.0)	5 (4.3)
Major bleeding	6 (2.3)	0 (0.0)	3 (4.6)		0 (0.0)	3 (2.6)
Minor bleeding	2 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)		0 (0.0)	2 (1.7)
Thromboembolic complication	3 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.5)		0 (0.0)	2 (1.7)
Cerebral infarction	2 (0.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)		0 (0.0)	2 (1.7)
Coronary stent thrombosis	1 (0.4)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.5)		0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Cardiopulmonary arrest	1 (0.4)	1 (2.9)	0 (0.0)		0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Operative mortality	1 (0.4)	1 (2.9)	0 (0.0)	0.350	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Length of postop. stay, d, median (range)	14 (4-103)	12 (7-23)	15 (8-103)	0.174	11 (6-19)	15 (4-92)	0.321

ATT: Antithrombotic therapy; LLR: Laparoscopic liver resection; OLR: Open liver resection; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; RBC: Red blood cell; ope.: Operation; postop.; Postoperative; SSI: Surgical site infection.