Overdiagnosis of gastric cancer by endoscopic screening

Table 1 Comparison of results from cohort studies of endoscopic screening for gastric cancer

Target for cancer screening	Method	Male			Female
		Observed number	Expected number	O/E	Observed number	Expected number	O/E
Stomach	Endoscopy	28	15.31	1.83	7	3.69	1.9
Colon and rectum	Barium enema	4	2.25	1.78	4	1.08	3.7
	Total colonoscopy	26	21.9	1.19	15	7.64	1.96
Lung	CT	14	10.86	1.29	18	2.38	7.56
Prostate	PSA	24	7	3.43	-	-	-
Breast	Combination of mammography, ultrasonography and physical examination	-	-	-	15	6.22	2.41

Available from Hamashima et al[18], 2006. O: Observed number; E: Expected number; CT: Computed tomography; PSA: Prostate specific antigen.