Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for diagnosing a rare extraluminal duodenal gastrointestinal tumor

Table 1 Summary of cases of duodenal gastrointestinal tumors diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration

Ref.	Age (yr)	Gender	Location in duodenum	Size (mm)	Endoscopic findings			EUS findings				Immunohistochemistry				Skandalakis classification	Treatment	Adjuvant chemo-therapy	Clinical course	Follow up period (yr)
					SMT	Central depression	Ulcerative lesion	well-demar-cated	Internal echogram	Cystic change	Connected to proper muscles	CD117	CD34	S-100	MIB-1 labeling index
9	72	F	3rd	26	+	-	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	+	N.A.	< 1%	Mixed	Partial duodenectomy	-	No recurrence	N.A.
16	62	F	2nd	40	+	-	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	+	-	0.60%	Eodoluminal	Partial duodenectomy	-	No recurrence	6
16	69	M	1st	15	+	+	-	+	iso	-	+	+	+	N.A.	0.50%	Eodoluminal	No surgery, Follow up	-	SD	5
16	76	M	2nd	35	+	+	-	-	hetero	+	+	+	-	-	0.70%	Eodoluminal	No surgery, Follow up	-	SD	3
17	50s	F	2nd	35	+	-	-	+	N.A.	-	N.A.	+	±	+	< 5%	N.A.	Partial duodenectomy	-	N.A.	NA
18	85	F	2nd	30	+	-	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	±	-	N.A.	Eodoluminal	No surgery, Follow up	-	SD	1.6
19	50s	F	3rd	25	+	+	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	+	-	2%	Eodoluminal	Partial duodenectomy	-	No recurrence	1.3
19	30s	M	3rd	20	±	-	-	+	Aypo	-	+	+	+	-	3%	Extraluminal	Partial duodenectomy	-	No recurrence	1.2
20	75	M	3rd	60	+	-	-	+	hypo	-	-	+	-	-	2%	Extraluminal	Subtotal stomach-preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy	+	No recurrence	1
21	51	M	2nd	27.5	+	-	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	+	N.A.	N.A.	Mixed	Surgery (no detail available)	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
Our case	50	F	2nd	30	±	-	-	+	hypo	-	+	+	-	-	< 1%	Extraluminal	Partial duodenectomy	-	No recurrence	2

EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.