Oral esomeprazole vs injectable omeprazole for the prevention of hemorrhage after endoscopic submucosal dissection

Table 1 Background characteristics of the patients in relation to the bleeding status

	Hemorrhage after ESD		P value
	Negative	Positive
Number	210	33
Age (yr)	73.9 ± 8.0	71.7 ± 9.4	0.14
Gender (M/F)	151/59	8/25	0.65
Antiplatelet/anticoagulant drugs (-/+)	161/49	8/25	0.91
Hypertension (-/+)	123/87	20/13	0.83
Diabetes mellitus (-/+)	186/24	4/27	0.52
H. pylori infection (-/+)	90/120	13/20	0.89
Location (U/M/L)	28/96/86	2/15/16	0.45
Depth (m/sm)	190/20	5/28	0.35
Ulcer (-/+)	205/5	33/0	0.37
Diameter of the lesion (mm)	40.7 ± 15.3	40.4 ± 13.9	0.89
Duration of the operation (min)	106.9 ± 64.1	123.8 ± 98.5	0.2
Macroscopic type of the lesion (elevated or flat/combined/depressed)	130/29/51	5/10/2018	0.49
Pathological findings (Adenoma/Differentiated ca/Undifferentiated ca)	76/126/8	12/21/0	0.32
Lymphatic/venous invasion (-/+)	206/4	Jan-32	0.67
Anastomosis (-/+)	200/10	33/0	0.2
Operator type (expert/beginner)	129/81	14/19	0.0392
Bleeding during ESD (good/poor control)	164/46	9/24	0.49

P value calculated by the χ² test (Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s test). ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.