Characteristic endoscopic findings and risk factors for cytomegalovirus-associated colitis in patients with active ulcerative colitis

Table 3 Endoscopic findings in patients with active ulcerative colitis (n = 149)

	CMV (+) n = 34	CMV (-) n = 115	Accuracy (%)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)	P value
Deep ulcer	17 (50.0%)	14 (12.2%)	79.2	50.0	87.8	54.8	85.6	< 0.001
Punched-out ulcer	20 (58.8%)	8 (7.0%)	85.2	58.8	93.0	71.4	88.4	< 0.001
Geographical ulcer	14 (41.2%)	25 (21.7%)	76.5	41.2	78.2	35.9	81.8	0.024
Longitudinal ulcer	11 (32.4%)	24 (20.9%)	68.5	32.4	79.1	31.4	79.8	0.165
Mucosal defect	6 (17.6%)	10 (8.7%)	74.5	17.6	91.3	37.5	78.9	0.139
Mucopurulent exudate	24 (70.6%)	66 (57.4%)	49.0	70.6	42.6	26.7	83.1	0.167
Spontaneous bleeding	14 (41.2%)	19 (16.5%)	73.8	41.2	83.5	42.4	82.8	0.002
Cobblestone-like appearance	5 (14.7%)	7 (6.1%)	75.8	14.7	93.9	41.7	78.8	0.105
Post inflammatory polyp	9 (26.5%)	21 (18.3%)	75.8	26.5	81.7	30.0	79.0	0.294

PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; CMV: Cytomegalovirus.