Identification of factors associated with sedation tolerance in 5000 patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy: Canadian tertiary center experience

Table 1 Study population characteristics

Variable		No. (%)
Age (mean ± standard deviation)		56.94 ± 13.06
Female gender		2306 (50.1%)
Indication of the procedure	Screening/surveillance	2892 (57.15%)
	Bleeding	1036 (20.4%)
	Abdominal pain	240 (4.72%)
	Change in bowel movements	690 (13.64%)
	Inflammatory bowel disease	210 (3.99%)
Previous history of surgery	No	2343 (50.7%)
	Yes	2363 (49.26%)
Previous history of colonoscopy and of increased dose of sedation for colonoscopy	Colonoscopy with high dose(Fent > 50 mcg, Midazolam > 3 mg)	3300 (64.1%)
	Colonoscopy with standard dose	470 (9.1%)
	Colonoscopy with unknown sedation dose	305 (5.9%)
	No previous colonoscopy	1076 (20.9%)
Current use of opioids		243 (4.8%)
Current use benzodiazepines		254 (5%)
Current use antidepressants		589 (11.6%)
Current use of opioids or benzodiazepines or antidepressants		826 (16.96%)
Difficult procedure		1038 (19%)
Cardiopulmonary complications		23 (0.4%)
Findings	Any	4139 (78%)
	Polyps	3439 (83%)
	Haemorrhoids	1970 (48%)
	Diverticuli	1050 (35%)
	Colitis	72 (1.7%)
	Stricture	71 (1.7%)
Intervention	Any	3231 (61%)
	Biopsy	2139 (66%)
	Polypectomy	1621 (50%)
Current use alcohol		1930 (46.9%)
Fentanyl dose > 50 mcg		2244 (46%)
Midazolam dose > 3 mg		3000 (62%)
Fentanyl dose > 50 mcg and midazolam > 3 mg		1959 (40%)