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©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Jun 25, 2015; 7(7): 688-701
Published online Jun 25, 2015. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i7.688
Published online Jun 25, 2015. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i7.688
uT1 = tumor invasion limited to the mucosa and the submucosa; this is further divided into T1m, if the tumor infiltrates the mucosa, with normal muscolaris mucosa, and T1sm, when there is submucosal invasion (Figures 1 and 7) |
uT2 = tumor infiltration of the muscolaris propria, with the tumor mass extended through the first 4 layers of the rectal wall. The outer layer corresponding to the muscolaris propria is smooth, meaning that the tumor is still limited to the rectal wall (Figure 2) |
uT3 = tumor invasion of the perirectal fat, with an irregular 4th layer, which means that the tumor has spread outside the rectal wall (Figures 3 and 4) |
uT4 = tumor infiltration of adjacent structures and organs, which are strictly connected to the rectal hypoechoic mass (Figure 5) |
- Citation: Marone P, Bellis M, D’Angelo V, Delrio P, Passananti V, Girolamo ED, Rossi GB, Rega D, Tracey MC, Tempesta AM. Role of endoscopic ultrasonography in the loco-regional staging of patients with rectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2015; 7(7): 688-701
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5190/full/v7/i7/688.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4253/wjge.v7.i7.688