Biliary leakage after urgent cholecystectomy: Optimization of endoscopic treatment

Table 2 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography findings in patients with post-cholecystectomy biliary leakage included in the study

1st ERC findings	n (%)
Number of patients	30
Bile leak characteristics
Leak from the cystic duct stump	13 (43.3
Leak from the right hepatic duct or intrahepatic duct	12 (40.0)
Leak from the common bile duct	3 (10.0)
Leak from cholecystohepatic duct of Luschka	1 (3.3)
Could not be located	1 (3.3)
CBD stone(s)	11 (36.7)
Endoscopic management
Biliary stent	13 (43.3)
EBS + stone extraction + biliary stent	11 (36.7)
EBS + biliary stent	6 (20.0)
Adverse effect
Pancreatitis	2 (6.7)
Bleeding	1 (3.3)
1st ERC leakage resolution success rate	23/30 (76.7)
Repeated ERC findings
Number of patients	7
Bile leak characteristics
Leak from the right hepatic duct or intrahepatic duct	6 (85.7)
Could not be located	1 (14.3)
CBD stone(s)	2 (28.6)
Endoscopic management
Biliary stent	5 (71.4)
EBS + extraction + biliary stent	2 (28.6)
Adverse effect	0
ERC leakage resolution success rate	27/30 (90)
Referred to surgery	3 (10)

ERC: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography; EBS: Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy; CBD: Common bile duct.