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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. May 16, 2015; 7(5): 510-517
Published online May 16, 2015. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v7.i5.510
Table 2 Diagnostic and therapeutic applications for cholangioscopy
Diagnostic applicationsTherapeutic applications
Common
Uncommon
Common
Uncommon
Indeterminate biliary stricturesBiliary cyst evaluationLithotripsy for choledocholithiasisBiliary guidewire placement
Verification of bile duct stone clearanceBile duct ischemia evaluation (post-liver-transplant)Transpapillary gallbladder drainage
Staging of cholangiocarcinomaDuctal involvement in ampullary adenoma HemobiliaForeign body removal (e.g., stent)