Gastrointestinal bleeding from Dieulafoy’s lesion: Clinical presentation, endoscopic findings, and endoscopic therapy

Table 4 Efficacy of endoscopic mechanical monotherapies for bleeding Dieulafoy’s lesions

Endoscopic procedure(No. of patients)	Lesion location	Type of study	Follow-up	Outcome	Ref.
Hemoclips
EGD (34)	Stomach/duodenum	Prospective	54 mo	initial hemostasis 32/34 pts (94%), 3 pts (9%) rebled	[75]
EGD (18)	Stomach	Retrospective	36 mo	1 (5%) rebled	[77]
EGD (16)	Stomach/duodenum	Prospective, randomized	1 wk	1 (6%) rebled	[78]
Mostly EGD (14)	Mostly stomach/duodenum	Retrospective	Hospitalization	No rebleeding	[36]
EGD (8) Colonoscopy (1)	Stomach Rectum	Retrospective	19 mo	1 (12%) rebled	[73]
EGD (6)	Stomach/duodenum	Retrospective	47 mo	1 (17%) rebled, unclear if single/combination therapy	[79]
Colonoscopy (3)	Rectum	Retrospective	5 mo	No rebleeding	[80]
Double balloon enteroscopy (3)	Jejunum	Retrospective, multicenter	14.5 mo	1 (33%) rebled 69 d after hemoclip	[17]
Single balloon enteroscopy (2)	Ileum	Retrospective	2 mo	No rebleeding	[18]
Colonoscopy (1)	Colon	Case report	6 mo	No rebleeding	[33]
Band ligation
EGD (24)	Stomach 23 Jejunum 1	Retrospective	18 mo	1 (4%) hemostasis failure, 1 (4%) rebled (jejunum)	[81]
EGD (13)	Stomach Esophagus	Prospective	24 wk	No rebleeding	[82]
EGD (13)	Stomach/duodenum	Retrospective	30 d	No rebleeding	[83]
EGD (10)	Stomach	Prospective	30 d	No rebleeding	[76]
EGD (7)	Stomach	Retrospective	8 mo	No rebleeding	[84]
EGD (3)	Upper GI	Retrospective	19 mo	No rebleeding	[73]
“Mostly” EGD (2)	Stomach	Retrospective	Hospitalization	No rebleeding	[75]
EGD (1)	Stomach	Retrospective	2 d	No rebleeding	[35]
Colonoscopy (4)	Rectum	Retrospective	2-5 d	2 (50%) rebled	[85]
Colonoscopy (3)	Rectum	Retrospective	5 mo	No rebleeding	[80]

Pts: Patients; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; GI: Gastrointestinal.