Unsedation colonoscopy can be not that painful: Evaluation of the effect of “Lamaze method of colonoscopy”

Table 1 Lamaze method of childbirth and the Lamaze method of colonoscopy

Lamaze method of childbirth[8,9]	Thoracic breathing: Used in initial stage of uterus contraction, method: (1) completely relaxed; (2) eyes fixed on a certain point; (3) abdominal stay relaxed while breath in from nose, breath out from mouth; (4) a total of 6-9 times of inspiration and expiration per minute; and (5) practice 5 times a day, 60 s each time
	Shallow and slow accelerating breathing: Use when the uterus contracts each 2-4 min, cervix opened to 2-8 cm. Method: Step (1-3) is the same with thoracic breathing; and (4) accelerate the breathing when uterus contraction enhanced, slow it down while contraction relieves
	Shallow breathing: Use when the uterus contracts lasts for 60-90 s each 30-90 s , cervix opens to 8-10 cm Method: Step (1-2) is the same with thoracic breathing; (3) open mouth slightly to help breath (making a sound "hee-hee"); (4) breathing with nose, making noise from the larynx; (5) adjust the respiratory rate according to intensity of the contraction; (6) inspiration and expiration the same volume of air to avoid hyperventilation; and (7) 4-6 quickly continue inspiration and expiration then vigorously exhale, repeat until uterus contraction stops
	Close air-way and force movement: Used when cervix is full opened to 10 cm. Method: (1) legs apart, hands holding handrail of obstetric delivery bed; (2) vigorously aspirated and close air-way, force down; (3) head up slightly staring at navel with jaw neck down forward; and (4) hold breath for 20-30 s as far as possible, exhale and hold breath at once and force movement until uterus contraction stops
	Halitus movement: Used when cannot exert herself but cannot help to do it. Method: (1) mouth open, breathing quickly like gasping; and (2) the whole body is relaxed totally
The Lamaze method of colonoscopy	Thoracic breathing: Used when the procedure begins, method: (1) completely relaxed; (2) eyes fixed on a certain point; (3) abdominal stay relaxed while breath in from nose, breath out from mouth; and (4) a total of 6-9 times of inspiration and expiration per minute
	Shallow and slow accelerating breathing: Used when the scope is crossing the junction of sigmoid colon and descending colon from the sigmoid colon. Method: Step (1-3) is the same with thoracic breathing; and (4) accelerate the breathing when pain enhanced, slow it down while pain relieved
	Shallow breathing: Used when the scope is crossing the splenic flexure. Method: (1) completely relaxed; (2) eyes fixed on a certain point; (3) open mouth slightly to help breath (making a sound "hee-hee"); (4) breathing with nose, making noise from the larynx; (5) adjust the respiratory rate according to pain intensity; (6) inspirate and expirate the same volume of air to avoid hyperventilation; and (7) 4-6 quick continue inspirate and expirate then vigorously exhale, repeat until the pain disappear
	Close air-way and force movement: Used when the pain is moderate or severe. Method: (1) vigorously aspirated and close air-way, force down; and (2) hold breath for 20-30 s as far as possible, exhale and hold breath at once and force movement until pains relieves or disappeared