Endoscopic approach to achalasia

Table 1 Efficacy of botulinum toxin injection in the treatment of achalasia

Ref.	n	BT-dose U	Initial symptomatic response	Injection rate	Long-term symptomatic response	Follow up (mo)
Wehrmann et al[19]	20	100	80%	2.5	70%	24
Annese et al[20]	36	100	90%	0	78%	6
Pasricha et al[28]	31	80	90%	1.6	68%	12
Fishman et al[31]	60	80	70%	1.3	36%	12
Annese et al[32]	38	100	82%	1	68%	24
Gordon et al[100]	16	80	75%	1.25	58%	7
Cuillière et al[101]	55	80	85%	1.2	60%	6
Vaezi et al[102]	22	100	64%	1.1	32%	12

BT: Botulinum toxin.