Evaluation of fully covered self-expanding metal stents in benign biliary strictures and bile leaks

Table 2 Patient characteristics and demographics

Case No.	Age, yr	Sex	Etiology	Location	FCSEMS (mm), type	Complications	Duration of stenting (d)	Follow-up after removal (d)	Results
Benign biliary strictures
1	47	M	Biliary anastomosis/Whipple	Choledocho-duodenal anastomosis	10 mm × 0 mm Viabil	None	89	1435	Patent
2	77	F	Cholecystectomy	Distal CBD	10 mm × 10 cm wallstent	None	92	1210	Patent
3	36	F	Cholelithiasis	Distal CBD	10 mm × 6 cm Viabil	None	37	1138	Patent
4	51	F	Cholelithiasis	Distal CBD	10 mm × 6 cm Viabil	None	161	1131	Patent
5	73	M	Cholecystectomy	Right intrahepatic duct	10 mm × 10 cm Viabil	Solid debris in lumen	160	1112	Patent
6	76	F	Cholecystectomy	H-J anastomosis	8 mm × 6 cm Viabil	None	29	55	Patent
7	27	F	Cholecystectomy	H-J anastomosis	10 mm × 4 cm Viabil	None	42	176	Patent
8	47	F	Compression by hepatic artery	CHD	80 mm × 8 cm wallstent	None	35	302	Patent
9	36	F	Cholecystectomy	CBD	10 mm × 80 mm Viabil	Migration	27	463	Not patent
10	45	F	Chronic pancreatitis/ cholecystectomy	Distal CBD	10 mm × 10 cm Viabil	None	63	36	Patent
11	42	F	Pancretitis and pancreatic head necrosis	Distal CBD	10 mm × 6 cm wallstent	Recurrent cholangitis (n = 2), migration	199	122	Patent
12	35	M	Cholecystectomy	Distal CBD	10 mm × 8 cm Viabil	Abd pain following day of stent placement; repeat ERCP showed residual bile duct stones	57	41	Patent
Bile leaks
13	75	F	Cholecystectomy	Bile leak (high grade); complex	10 mm × 80 mm Viabil	None	99	1364	Sealed
14	49	F	Cholecystectomy	Bile Leak (high grade)	10 mm × 10 cm Viabil	None	92	1294	Sealed
15	30	F	Cholecystectomy	Bile leak (low grade); complex	10 mm × 80 mm Viabil	Occluded stent after lost to follow-up (eight and a half months)	251	1007	Sealed
16	64	M	Cholecystectomy	Bile leak (high grade)	8 mm × 8 cm Viabil	None	62	575	Sealed
17	50	M	Cholecystectomy	Bile leak (low grade)	10 mm × 80 mm Viabil	Hepatic abscess and Sepsis	48	28	Sealed

M: Male; F: Female; FCSEMS: Fully covered self-expandible metallic stents; Chole: Cholecystectomy; CBD: Common bile duct; H-J: Hepaticojejunostomy; CHD: Common hepatic duct; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.