Brief Article
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. Apr 16, 2013; 5(4): 160-164
Published online Apr 16, 2013. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v5.i4.160
Table 3 Causes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography failure with gastroenterologist directed sedation n (%)
Cause
Total number of patients undergoing GDS486
Patient intolerance68 (14)
Cardiopulmonary complications10 (2)
Hypertension6 (1.2)
Hypoxia, hypotension, bradycardia or tachycardia4 (0.8)
Failure to cannulate40 (8)
Food/contrast in lumen8 (1.6)
Roux en Y anatomy2 (0.4)
Esophageal bleeding on entry1 (0.2)