Endoscopic submucosal dissection and surgical treatment for gastrointestinal cancer

Figure 5 Combination of endoscopic submucosal dissection and laparoscopic surgery. A: Confirmation of tumor location and mucosal cutting around the tumor using endoscopic submucosal dissection; B: The full thickness of the stomach wall was cut using a laparoscopic instrument, such as Ligasure^®; C: The gastric wall was closed using a laparoscopic hand-sewn technique or laparoscopic suturing device, such as End-GIA.