Endosonography-guided cholangiopancreatography as a salvage drainage procedure for obstructed biliary and pancreatic ducts

Table 2 Major series on EUS-guided biliary drainage

Year	Author	n (malignant/benign)	Access route	Drainage success - Drainage route	Complications
2009	Horaguchi[35]	16 (15/1)	8 EH 8 IH	15/16 (94%) - 8 TD - 6 TG - 2 TE	2 (12. 50%) - 1 bile peritonitis - 1 stent migration
2009	Brauer[26]	12 (8/4)	12 EH	11/12 (92%) - 7 TP - 4 TD	2 (10%) - 1 pneumoperitoneum and peritonitis - 1 cardiopulmonary failure
2009	Maranki[25]	49 (35/14)	35 IH 14 EH	Overall: 41/49 (84%)	Total: 8 (16%) IH: 5/35 (14%) - pneumoperitoneum (3) - bleeding (1), - pneumonia (1) EH: 3/14 (21%) - bile peritonitis (1) - pain (1) - pneumoperitoneum (1)
				IH: 29/40 (73%) - 26 TP, 3 TG
				EH: 12/14 (86%) - 8 TP, 4 TD
2008	Tarantino[24]	8 (7/1)	9 EH	8/8 (100%) - 4 TP, 4 TD	Not procedure related - 1 death after 15 d (hepatic failure, cirrhosis)
2008	Yamao[32]	5 (5/0)	5 EH	5/5 (100%) - 5 TD	1 (20%) - pneumoperitoneum
2008	Itoi[33]	4 (4/0)	4 EH	4/4 (100%) - 4 TD	1 (25%) - bleeding and bile peritonitis
2007	Bories[30]	11 (8/3)	11 IH	10/11 (91%) - 10 TG	4 (36%) - ileus - early stent occlusion - biloma - cholangitis
2007	Will[31]	8 (7/1)	8 IH	6/8 (75%) - 1 TE, 4 TG, 3 TJ	2 (25%) - cholangitis, pain
2005	Püspök[20]	6 (4/2)	5 EH 1 IH	5/6 (83%) - 3 TB, 1 TD, 1 TJ	1 (17%) - cholecystitis
2003	Burmester[15]	4 (4/0)	2 EH 2 IH	3/4 (75%) - 1 TD, 2 TJ, 1 TG	1 (25%) - cholangitis, sepsis death (failed procedure)

TG: Transgastric; TD: Transduodenal, TP: Transpapillary; TE: Transesophageal; TJ: Transjejunal; EH: Extrahepatic; IH: Intrahepatic.