Comorbidities related to metachronous recurrence for early gastric cancer in elderly patients

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses of risk factors for metachronous gastric carcinoma development

Characteristics	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis		Risk
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	Points1
Age, years	0.95 (0.89-1.02)	0.142
Sex		0.342
Male	Reference
Female	0.71 (0.35-1.44)
Tobacco abuse	1.47 (0.82-2.64)	0.191
Alcohol abuse	1.17 (0.62-2.19)	0.628
Family history of cancer	1.47 (0.71-3.04)	0.298
MASLD	3.35 (1.65-6.79)	< 0.001	2.44 (1.15-5.17)	0.020	1
Hypertension	1.47 (0.81-2.68)	0.206
Diabetes	1.44 (0.61-3.41)	0.404
Cardiovascular disease	0.74 (0.23-2.38)	0.609
Cerebrovascular disease	2.46 (1.04-5.82)	0.034	1.79 (0.72-4.42)	0.207
H. pylori infection		< 0.001
Negative	Reference		Reference
Eradicated	1.46 (0.51-4.17)		1.17 (0.41-3.38)	0.769
Persistent	11.8 (3.89-35.8)		10.38 (3.36-32.07)	< 0.001	3
Baseline atrophy		0.002
Mild/moderate (C0-C3)	Reference		Reference
Severe (O1-O3)	2.47 (1.37-4.46)		2.71 (1.45-5.08)	0.002	1
Location		0.977
Cardia	Reference
Non-cardia	0.99 (0.55-1.78)
Macroscopic shape		0.015
Elavated (I, IIa)	Reference
Flated (IIb)	2.17 (1.09-4.32)		2.22 (1.07-4.59)	0.031
Depressed (IIc, III)	0.87 (0.40-1.89)		0.77 (0.34-1.75)	0.537
Tumor size, cm		0.727
< 2	Reference
≥ 2	1.11 (0.62-1.98)
Depth of invasion		0.789
Mucosa	Reference
Submucosa	0.91 (0.47-1.77)
Differentiation		0.039		0.027
WD/MD	6.21 (0.86-45.0)		10.18 (1.30-79.65)		3
PD	Reference		Reference
Ulceration	1.32 (0.52-3.34)	0.562
Initial multifocality	2.17 (1.15-4.07)	0.014	1.79 (0.90-3.56)	0.096

¹The coefficient of each variable was divided by 0.387 (the lowest log hazard ratio value), corresponding to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and rounded to the nearest integer.

C: Closed; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MD: Moderately differentiated; O: Open; PD: Poorly differentiated; WD: Well-differentiated; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval.