Comparison of endoscopic submucosal dissection and transanal endoscopic microsurgery for stage 1 rectal neuroendocrine tumors

Table 1 The characteristics of 128 lesions with rectal neuroendocrine tumors, n (%)

Variables	Total (n = 128)			Matched set (n = 58)
	ESD (n = 84)	TEM (n = 44)	P value	ESD (n = 29)	TEM (n = 29)	P value
Lesion size, mm, median (IQR)	8.0 (5.5-10.0)	8.0 (5.0-10.0)	0.716	5.0 (5.0-10.0)	5.0 (5.0-10.0)	1.000
Age, year, mean ± SD	44.7 ± 13.5	45.3 ± 12.2	0.491	44.8 ± 14.7	41.9 ± 9.9	0.293
Follow-up time, month, median (IQR)	27.0 (15.0-45.0)	26.5 (16.0-38.0)	0.934	23.0 (12.0-34.0)	24.0 (16.0-32.0)	0.828
Male	45 (60.0)	30 (68.2)	0.221	15 (51.7)	21 (72.4)	0.104
Location
Anus ≤ 5 cm	32 (38.1)	23 (52.3)	0.124	13 (44.8)	14 (48.3)	0.792
Anus > 5 cm	52 (61.9)	21 (47.7)		16 (55.2)	15 (51.7)
Histological grade
G1	75 (89.3)	29 (65.9)	0.001	26 (89.7)	26 (89.7)	1.000
G2	9 (10.7)	15 (34.1)		3 (10.3)	3 (10.3)
Invasion depth
Mucosa	6 (7.1)	2 (4.5)	0.714	2 (6.9)	1 (3.4)	1.000
Submucosa	78 (92.9)	42 (95.5)		27 (93.1)	28 (96.6)
Vascular invasion	1 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	1.000	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	/
Perineural invasion	0 (0.0)	1 (2.3)	0.344	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	/

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; TEM: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery; IQR: Interquartile range.