Safety and efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy for treating achalasia in pediatric and geriatric patients: A meta-analysis

Table 3 Baseline characteristics of the studies on peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia in geriatric patients

Ref.	Country	Study type	Study interval	Patients (n)	Gender (M:F)	Age (yr)	Duration of symptoms (month)	Myotomy length (cm)	Operation time (min)	Hospital stay (day)	Follow-up (month)	Method of GERD diagnosis
Wang et al[39], 2016	China	Retrospective	January 2010 to December 2015	21	12:9	67.9 ± 4.3	13.9 ± 11.7	-	-	-	21.8	EGD, esophageal manometry and barium esophagram
Chen et al[13], 2018	United States	Retrospective	January 2010 to January 2016	76	40:36	84 ± 3.2	24.0 (17.8-30.3)	10.0 ± 4.0	103.7 ± 47.9	3	8.5 (IQR: 2.2-18.2)	-
Landi et al[40], 2018	Italy	Retrospective1	May 2011 to April 2017	88	39:49	72.2 ± 4.7	-	12.3 ± 3	-	-	24	-
Liu et al[41], 2019	China	Retrospective	August 2010 to December 2017	139	65:74	70.22 ± 5.68	8 (IQR: 2-20)	10.57 ± 1.81	50 (IQR: 36-76)	3 (IQR: 2-4)	41 (IQR: 26-60)	Barium swallow, EGD and HRM
Klair et al[42], 2019	United States	Retrospective1	December 2014 to October 2018	62	36:26	72.3 ± 5.7	-	13.8	-	1.9	-	-
Abe et al[43], 2020	Japan	Retrospective	April 2015 to March 2019	28	12:16	≥ 80	5.5 (0.25-59)	14.5 (4-26)	60.5 (36-124)	9.8 (4-51)	-	EGD and HRM
Sanaka et al[44], 2020	United States	Retrospective	April 2014 to May 2019	55	31:24	74 (70-79)	30 (12-60)	10 (IQR: 8-10)	90 (IQR: 7.5-110)	1 (IQR: 1-2)	2.4 (IQR: 2.2-2.7)	HRM, timed barium esophagram and 24-h esophageal pH study
Angeli Abad et al[45], 2020	Netherlands	Retrospective1	September 2008 to June 2019	66	28:38	83 (80-92)	10.5 (0.2-62.4)	-	-	7 ± 4.1	12	-
Okada et al[46], 2021	Japan	Retrospective	September 2011 to March 2020	100	40:60	74.2 (65-93)	10.3 ± 13.6	12.5 (3-25)	138.3 (50-460)	-	36	-
Nakamura et al[47], 2021	Japan	Retrospective	August 2014 to May 2021	11	7:4	81 (75-87)	5 (2-40)	13 (8-19)	109 (62-144)	-	36	EGD, esophagography and HRM
Ujiie et al[48], 2021	Japan	Retrospective	January 2015 to December 2019	18	12:6	78 (75-86)	4.4 (0.05-50.2)	10 (5-16)	104 (45-165)	-	2	IRP, HRM and EGD
Zhao et al[49], 2022	China	Retrospective1	November 2010 to September 2019	146	-	-	-	7.09 ± 2.49	46.87 ± 19.29	-	-	GerdQ score

¹Published conference abstracts.

M: Male; F: Female; EGD: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; HRM: High resolution esophageal manometry; IRP: Integrated relaxation pressure; IQR: Interquartile range; pH: Potential of hydrogen.