Dental trauma in endoscopy: A systematic review and experience of a tertiary endoscopy centre

Table 5 Restorative and reconstructive dental treatments[18,21]

Type of treatment	Description and related problems
Direct restoration (filled in single procedure with material being placed, adapted and shaped by clinician)
Filling	May comprise amalgam, ceramic or precious metals. Susceptible to expansion or shrinkage when setting, which might cause tooth fracture or further decay
Indirect restoration (filling created outside of mouth, either from impression or digital scan of tooth)
Inlays/onlays	An inlay is a filling made outside the mouth, then bonded to the teeth. This is less prone to expansion or shrinkage. An onlay refers to an inlay which covers a dental cusp
Crown	An onlay which fully covers the tooth which is required in the setting of marked tooth damage
Veneer	A thin layer bonded to the tooth surface to enhance appearance of fractured or discoloured teeth
Prosthesis
Bridge	Fixed partial denture secured to adjacent teeth
Denture	Removable prosthesis which may be attached to remnant teeth via clasps
Implant	Permanent prosthesis integrated into alveolar bone via screws and cement. Eventual recession of gingiva may result in implant weakening