Role of endoscopic ultrasound for pre-intervention evaluation in early esophageal cancer

Table 4 Proportions of patients with deep invasion (T2 and beyond) having the significant endoscopic or pathologic parameter compared to proportions of patients without deep invasion

Deep invasion on pathology		Endoscopic parameter
		Tumor size ≥ 2 cm on visual inspection	Presence of esophageal ulceration	Tumor size ≥ 2 cm on visual inspection & presence of esophageal ulceration
Yes (T2 and beyond)	n1/N1 (%)	13/16 (81.2)	8/16 (50.0)	7/16 (43.8)
No (T1a and T1b)	n2/N2 (%)	6/32 (18.8)	7/33 (21.2)	2/33 (6.1)
P valuea		< 0.001	0.0403	0.0014
Deep invasion on pathology		Degree of differentiation on pathology
		Well-Differentiated	Moderately to poorly differentiated
Yes (T2 and beyond)	n1/N1 (%)	2/12 (16.7)	10/12 (83.3)
No (T1a and T1b)	n2/N2 (%)	14/27 (53.6)	13/27 (46.4)
P valuea		0.0392	0.0392

^aP value derived from chi-square test to compare proportions in each column for patients with deep invasion (“Yes” row) for each endoscopic or pathologic parameter and without deep invasion (“No” row).

n₁: Number of patients with factor being assessed and deep invasion on pathology; N₁: Number of patients with deep invasion on pathology and clinical data available regarding the presence or absence of each factor; n₂: Number of patients with factor being assessed and no deep invasion on pathology; N₂: Number of patients without deep invasion on pathology and clinical data available regarding the presence or absence of each factor.