Disparities in colonoscopy utilization for lower gastrointestinal bleeding in rural vs urban settings in the United States

Table 4 Multivariable model of length of hospital stay

Variable	Coefficient	95%CI		P value
		Lower	Upper
Rural	-0.372	-0.444	-0.300	< 0.0001
Colonoscopy
Yes	0.718	0.677	0.759	< 0.0001
No	Reference
Age
18-64	Reference
65-74	0.133	0.066	0.201	< 0.0001
75-84	0.382	0.315	0.449	< 0.0001
85+	0.518	0.448	0.588	< 0.0001
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.067	0.026	0.109	0.001
Race
White	Reference
Black	0.590	0.534	0.646	< 0.0001
Hispanic	0.016	-0.064	0.095	0.699
Asian	-0.041	-0.169	0.088	0.534
Other	0.091	-0.057	0.238	0.227
Missing	-0.183	-0.277	-0.089	< 0.0001
Payer
Medicare	Reference
Medicaid	-0.047	-0.150	0.055	0.367
Commercial	-0.386	-0.453	-0.319	< 0.0001
Other	-0.403	-0.513	-0.292	< 0.0001
Missing	-0.079	-0.631	0.473	0.779
Hospital bed size
Small	-0.451	-0.511	-0.391	< 0.0001
Medium	-0.235	-0.283	-0.188	< 0.0001
Large	Reference
Teaching
No	Reference
Yes	0.297	0.253	0.341	< 0.0001
Charlson comorbidity index	0.232	0.221	0.243	< 0.0001
Intercept	3.173	3.097	3.249	< 0.0001