Role of endoscopic ultrasound and cyst fluid tumor markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions

Table 9 Logistic regression analysis for predictors of malignancy in cystic pancreatic lesions

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age	1.06 (0.97-1.06)	0.4312
Mural nodules	6.6 (2.3- 19.3)	0.0006	5.7 (1.37-24.6)	0.0172
Wall thickness	1.39 (0.47-4.124)	0.5514
LNs	11.82 (2.4-58.4)	0.0024	0.14 (0.006-3.3)	0.2219
Content	0.59 (0.18-1.923)	0.3851
Loculation	1.1 (0.43-2.68)	0.8826
Calcification	1.5 (0.28-7.97)	0.6342
Shortest Diameter	0.965 (0.94-0.99)	0.0189	1.06 (0.92-1.22)	0.4044
Longest Diameter	0.971(0.95-0.99)	0.0112	0.913 (0.81- 1.03)	0.1326
Mucin Stain	145 (24.8-847.2)	< 0.0001	82.4 (12.1-561)	< 0.0001
Glucose	0.97 (0.96-0.99)	> 0.001	0.99 (0.97-1.01)	0.48
IL1b (pg/mL)	0.91 (0.702-1.18)	0.496
CA 72-4	1.02 (0.98-1.053)	0.3017
VEGF-A	1.0001(0.99-1.0005)	0.5782
VEGFR2	1.14 (0.99-1.318)	0.0782
SPINK1	9.09 (2.62-31.59)	0.001	23.65 (3.10-180.62)	0.002
PGE2 (pg/mL)	1.01 (0.999-1.02)	0.0798
CF Amylase	1 (1-1)	0.8593
CF CEA	1.0003 (1.0001-1.0005)	0.0152	1.0001 (0.99-1.0006)	0.5978
CEA > 192 (ng/mL)	6.47 (2.05-20.42)	0.001	14.12 (2.39-83.22)	0.003

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; LNs: Lymph-nodes; CF: Cyst fluid; CA: Cancer antigen; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; SPINK1: Serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 1; IL1-β: Interleukin 1 beta; CA 72-4: Human cancer antigen 72-4; VEGF-A: Vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGFR2: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, PGE2: Prostaglandin E2.