Effectiveness of early colonoscopy in patients with colonic diverticular hemorrhage: A single-center retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Patient background before and after propensity score matching

	Before propensity score matching			After propensity score matching
	Early group (< 24 h)	Elective group (≥ 24 h)	SMD	Early group (< 24 h)	Elective group (≥ 24 h)	SMD
Variables	n = 328	n = 226		n = 191	n = 191
Age, yr, median (IQR)	79.0 (71.0–84.0)	79.0 (72.3–84.0)	0.047	78.0 (70.0–84.0)	79.0 (71.5–84.0)	0.057
Male, n (%)	220 (67.1)	135 (59.7)	0.153	132 (69.1)	126 (66.0)	0.067
Body mass index, n (%)			0.087			0.094
< 18.5	46 (14.0)	18 (8.0)		15 (7.9)	18 (9.4)
18.5-24.9	210 (64.0)	153 (67.7)		124 (64.9)	128 (67.0)
25-29.9	76 (23.2)	76 (23.2)		45 (23.6)	39 (20.4)
≥ 30	12 (3.7)	9 (4.0)		3 (1.6)	4 (2.1)
Smoking			0.162			0.075
Current, n (%)	45 (13.7)	25 (11.1)		23 (12.0)	24 (12.6)
Past, n (%)	104 (31.7)	64 (28.3)		64 (33.5)	58 (30.4)
Never, n (%)	169 (51.5)	133 (58.8)		101 (52.9)	105 (55.0)
No information, n (%)	10 (3.0)	4 (1.8)		3 (1.6)	4 (2.1)
Performance status ≥ 3, n (%)	34 (10.4)	20 (8.8)	0.051	15 (7.9)	20 (10.5)	0.091
Comorbidities
Hypertension, n (%)	210 (64.0)	152 (67.3)	0.051	124 (64.9)	122 (63.9)	0.022
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	67 (20.4)	51 (22.6)	0.052	41 (21.5)	37 (19.4)	0.052
Coronary artery disease, n (%)	92 (28.0)	67 (29.6)	0.035	63 (33.0)	57 (29.8)	0.068
Chronic kidney disease, n (%)	33 (10.1)	28 (12.4)	0.074	22 (11.5)	25 (13.1)	0.048
Hemodialysis, n (%)	2 (0.6)	5 (2.2)	0.136	2 (1.0)	4 (2.1)	0.084
Medication
Antithrombotics, n (%)	123 (37.5)	80 (35.4)	0.044	79 (41.4)	68 (35.6)	0.119
NSAIDs, n (%)	14 (4.3)	14 (6.2)	0.087	8 (4.2)	9 (4.7)	0.025
Shock vitality at presentation, n (%)	28 (8.5)	12 (5.3)	0.127	9 (4.7)	12 (6.3)	0.069
Contrast CT findings			0.811			0.027
With an extravascular leak, n (%)	129 (39.3)	17 (7.5)		17 (8.9)	17 (8.9)
Without an extravascular leak, n (%)	159 (48.5)	170 (75.2)		138 (72.3)	140 (73.3)
Without contrast CT, n (%)	40 (12.2)	39 (17.3)		36 (18.8)	34 (17.8)
Blood sampling data
Hemoglobin < 10 g/dL, n (%)	84 (25.6)	61 (27.0)	0.031	54 (28.3)	51 (26.7)	0.035
Platelet < 10000 /μL, n (%)	4 (1.2)	3 (1.3)	0.01	2 (1.0)	2 (1.0)	< 0.001

CT: Computed tomography; SMD: Standardized mean difference; IQR: interquartile range; NSAIDs: Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.