Best practices for prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis

Table 1 Mild, moderate, and severe acute pancreatitis as delineated by the revised Atlanta classification and the post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis-specific Cotton criteria

Revised Atlanta classification		Cotton criteria
Mild	Requires 2 out of 3: Epigastric abdominal pain; amylase/lipase > 3 × normal limit; abdominal image findings; no organ failure; no local or systemic complications	New or worsened abdominal pain and amylase > 3 × upper limit of normal within 24 h after the procedure and requiring hospital stay/extension by 2-3 d
Moderate	Transient organ failure (resolves within 48 h). Local or systemic complications without persistent organ failure	All the above with requiring 4-10 d hospitalization
Severe	Persistent organ failure (> 48 h). Single/multiple organ failure	> 10 d hospitalization or requiring intervention. Development of a complication (pseudocyst, necrosis) or Need for surgical intervention