Anticoagulation and antiplatelet management in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A review of current evidence

Table 51 Polypectomy

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	n	Polyp morphology	Procedure	Medication	Relative risk
Beppu et al[134]	2014	Japan	Retrospective	1 (52)	Size: ≥ 20 mm and < 20 mm	Polypectomy	DOAC (ceased at least 5 d before)	Expressed as OR. Increased risk of PPB with DOAC use (OR: 10.2, 95%CI: 2.7-38.3, P = 0.0006)
Yanagisaw et al[1]	2018	Japan	Retrospective	73 (436)	Size: < 10 mm or ≥ 10 mm	Polypectomy	DOAC (ceased 24-48 h before ± HBT)	Incidence of PPB 13.8%
Yu et al[127]	2019	United States	Retrospective	1590 (611487)	N/S	Polypectomy	DOAC (ceased before)	Incidence of PPB 0.6%
Kishida et al[41]	2019	Japan	Retrospective	87 (6382)	Size: < 10 mm or ≥ 10 mm	Polypectomy	DOAC (ceased 24-48 h before)	Incidence of PPB 2.3% (study did not discern rates between warfarin vs DOAC)
Amato et al[108]	2019	Italy	Prospective	1504	Size: ≥ 10 mm	Polypectomy	DOAC (ceased median 5 d before)	Incidence of PPB 8.5% (study did not discern anticoagulant rates between warfarin vs DOACs)

DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulant; OR: Odds ratio; PPB: Post-procedural bleeding.