Anticoagulation and antiplatelet management in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A review of current evidence

Table 42 Endoscopic ultrasound ± fine needle aspiration

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	n	Procedure	Medication	Relative risk
Inoue et al[17]	2017	Japan	Retrospective	742	EUS + FNA	Warfarin (ceased 4 d before)	No incidence of bleeding in either discontinuation warfarin or HBT
Kawakubo et al[106]	2018	Japan	Prospective	85	EUS + FNA	Warfarin (ceased 3 d with HBT before)	Incidence of PPB with HBT 4%

EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine needle aspiration; PPB: Post-procedural bleeding; HBT: Heparin bridging therapy.