Anticoagulation and antiplatelet management in gastrointestinal endoscopy: A review of current evidence

Table 32 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy/percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy insertion

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	n	Procedure	Medication	Relative risk
Richter et al[124]	2011	United States	Retrospective	990	PEG	Thienopyridines(continued)	No incidence of PPB ≤ 48 h post-PEG. Incidence of PPB > 48 h post-PEG 4%
Singh et al[98]	2012	United States	Retrospective	143	PEG	Thienopyridines (ceased on average 2.2 d before)	Incidence of PPB 2.1%
Lozoya-González et al[99]	2012	Mexico	Retrospective	24	PEG	Thienopyridines (ceased 1-3 d before)	No incidence of PPB
Lee et al[123]	2013	South Korea	Retrospective	81	PEG	Thienopyridines (continued)	No incidence of PPB

PPB: Post-procedural bleeding; PEG: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.