Age, socioeconomic features, and clinical factors predict receipt of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in pancreatic cancer

Table 2 Characteristics of patients with pancreatic cancer by receipt of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography n (%)

	Total	Received ERCP	No ERCP	P value
Total	32510 (100.0)	14704 (45.2)	17806 (54.8)
Sex				0.49
Male	14147 (43.5)	6368 (45.0)	7779 (55.0)
Female	18363 (56.5)	8336 (45.4)	10027 (54.6)
Age				< 0.01
65-75	14205 (43.7)	6665 (46.9)	7540 (53.1)
76+	18305 (56.3)	8039 (43.9)	10266 (56.1)
Marital status				< 0.01
Married	15928 (49.0)	7370 (46.3)	8558 (53.7)
Not married	16582 (51.0)	7334 (44.2)	9248 (55.8)
Race				< 0.01
White	27399 (84.3)	12534 (45.8)	14865 (54.3)
Black	3349 (10.3)	1418 (42.3)	1931 (57.7)
Other	1762 (5.4)	752 (42.7)	1010 (57.3)
Year of diagnosis				< 0.01
2000-2003	10388 (32.0)	4955 (47.7)	5433 (52.3)
2004-2007	11134 (34.3)	4949 (44.5)	6185 (55.6)
2008-2011	10988 (33.8)	4800 (43.7)	6188 (56.3)
Residence				0.06
Metropolitan	27161 (83.6)	12346 (45.5)	14815 (54.6)
Non-metropolitan	5346 (16.5)	2356 (44.1)	2990 (55.9)
SEER registry region				< 0.01
Northeast	7153 (22.0)	3326 (46.5)	3827 (53.5)
Southeast	8128 (25.0)	3688 (45.4)	4440 (54.6)
Midwest	4243 (13.1)	1835 (43.3)	2408 (56.8)
West Coast	12986 (39.9)	5855 (45.1)	7131 (54.9)
Income (zip code)				0.96
High income	7948 (25.0)	3591 (45.2)	4357 (54.8)
Low income	23841 (75.0)	10780 (45.2)	13061 (54.8)
Education (zip code)				0.02
Low education	10188 (32.0)	4702 (46.2)	5486 (53.9)
High education	21638 (68.0)	9687 (44.8)	11951 (55.2)
SEER historic stage				< 0.01
Localized	3042 (9.4)	1806 (59.4)	1236 (40.6)
Regional	9178 (28.2)	5946 (64.8)	3232 (35.2)
Distant	16846 (51.8)	5170 (30.7)	11676 (69.3)
Unstaged	3400 (10.5)	1758 (51.7)	1642 (48.3)
Region of pancreas				< 0.01
Head	16670 (71.2)	10710 (64.3)	5960 (35.8)
Body/Tail	6744 (28.8)	1080 (16.0)	5664 (84.0)
Symptoms
Jaundice	14189 (43.7)	11076 (78.1)	3113 (21.9)	< 0.01
Cholangitis	3970 (12.2)	3471 (87.4)	499 (12.6)	< 0.01
Pruritus	1832 (5.6)	1297 (70.8)	535 (29.2)	< 0.01
Charlson Comorbidity score				0.12
0	14423 (46.6)	6616 (45.9)	7807 (54.1)
1	9049 (29.3)	4181 (46.2)	4868 (53.8)
2	3964 (12.8)	1760 (44.4)	2204 (55.6)
3+	3487 (11.3)	1550 (44.5)	1937 (55.6)
Therapeutic treatment
Chemotherapy	13235 (40.7)	6679 (50.5)	6556 (49.5)	< 0.01
Radiation	7298 (22.5)	4198 (57.5)	3100 (42.5)	< 0.01
Surgery	3259 (10.0)	2368 (72.7)	891 (27.3)	< 0.01

Some lines do not sum to 100% due to rounding or missing data. Other race: Neither white nor black race. Not married includes single, divorced and widowed. Metropolitan area defined as counties in metropolitan areas with population of 250000 or more; urban area defined as counties with populations of 2500 or more, both adjacent to metropolitan areas and not adjacent to metropolitan areas; rural defined as counties either completely rural or with populations < 2500. High income defined as > 75^th percentile of income, or $74147. Low income defined as < 75^th percentile or $74147. High education defined as living in a zip code where > 50% of the population has completed some college or more. Low education is defined as living in a zip code where > 50% of the population has no college education. ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; SEER: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results.