Severity of gastric mucosal atrophy affects the healing speed of post-endoscopic submucosal dissection ulcers

Table 2 Characteristics of patients who achieved early healing of artificial ulcer area after endoscopic submucosal dissection

	Reduction rate over 90% at 4 wk			Reduction rate 100% at 8 wk
Characteristic	Achieved (n = 82)	Not achieved (n = 45)	P value	Achieved (n = 110)	Not achieved (n = 16)	P value
Age (yr)	70.9 ± 9.3	71.2 ± 7.3	0.831	70.4 ± 8.9	74.1 ± 6.2	0.047
Gender (male/female)	62/20 (75.6%/24.4%)	33/12 (73.3%/26.7%)	0.777	86/24 (78.2%/21.8%)	8/8 (50.0%/50.0%)	0.021
H. pylori (positive/negative)	42/40 (51.2%/48.8%)	24/21 (53.3%/46.7%)	0.82	54/56 (49.1%/50.9%)	12/4 (75.0%/25.0%)	0.053
Anti-coagulants	13 (15.9%)	8 (17.8%)	0.78	16 (14.5%)	4 (25.0%)	0.231
PPI or PCAB (post-ESD)	60/22 (73.2%/26.8%)	32/13 (71.1%/28.9%)	0.804	82/28 (74.5%/25.5%)	14/2 (87.5%/12.5%)	0.210
CYP2C19 type (EM/IM/PM)	27/28/15 (38.6/40/21.4)	12/20/7 (30.8/51.3/17.9)	0.522	35/39/19 (37.6/41.9/20.5)	4/9/1 (28.6%/64.3%/7.1%)	0.249
Gastric mucosa
Trophy (Kyoto A0+A1/Kyoto A2)	18/64 (22.0%/78.0%)	2/43 (4.0%/96.0%)	0.01	19/91 (17.3%/82.7%)	1/15 (6.3%/93.7%)	0.233
Metaplasia (none-mild/severe)	51/31 (62.2/37.8)	21/24 (46.7/53.3)	0.091	64/46 (58.2/41.8)	8/8 (50.0/50.0)	0.537
Diffuse redness (none-mild/severe)	44/38 (53.7/46.3)	21/24 (46.7/53.3)	0.451	60/50 (54.5/45.5)	7/9 (43.8/56.2)	0.419
Tumor
Depth (mucosa/submucosa)	78/4 (95.1/4.9)	35/10 (77.8/22.2)	0.004	101/9 (91.8 /8.2)	15/1 (93.8/6.2)	0.629
Location (upper/middle/lower third)	7/39/36/ (8.5/47.6/43.9)	7/26/12 (15.6/57.8/26.6)	0.124	12/58/40 (10.9/52.7/36.4)	2/7/7 (12.4/43.8/43.8)	0.797
ESD
Mean procedure time (min)	65.6 ± 41.1	89.7 ± 64.0	0.026	73.9 ± 52.3	76.1 ± 41.4	0.872
Mean resected ulcer area (mm2)	544.7 ± 387.1	809.8 ± 849.8	0.053	567.3 ± 435.2	1178.5 ± 1520.1	0.130

EM: Extensive metabolizer; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; IM: Intermediate metabolizer; PCAB: Potassium competitive acid blocker; PM: Poor metabolizer; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.