Reverse time-dependent effect of alphafetoprotein and disease control on survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical and tumor characteristics of patients included in the study

Variable	Overall (110)
Age (yr)	67.5 (41-80)
Gender
Male	91 (82.7)
Female	19 (17.3)
Etiology of liver disease
Viral (HBV/HCV/HBV and HCV)	70 (63.6)
Alcohol	17 (15.5)
NASH/NAFLD	14 (12.7)
Viral and alcohol	9 (8.2)
PS
0	33 (30)
1	64 (58.2)
2	13 (11.8)
Diabetes
No	87 (79.1)
Yes	23 (20.9)
Child-Pugh score
A	82 (74.5)
B	28 (25.5)
N nodules
Single	35 (31.8)
2-3	20 (18.2)
> 3 or infiltrating	55 (50)
Maximum size
≤ 5 cm	56 (50.9)
> 5 cm	54 (49.1)
Macrovascular invasion
No	60 (54.5)
Yes	50 (45.5)
Extrahepatic spread
No	91 (82.7)
Yes	19 (17.3)
Macrovascular invasion and/or extrahepatic spread
No	49 (44.5)
Yes	61 (55.5)
NIACE
≤ 3	84 (76.4)
> 3	26 (23.6)
AFP
≤ 200 ng/mL	74 (67.3)
> 200 ng/mL	36 (32.7)
Treatment before BCLC C diagnosis
No	53 (48.2)
Yes	57 (51.8)
Type of treatment before BCLC C diagnosis (one or more per patient)
TACE	35
Surgical resection	20
RFA	18
Sorafenib	13
PEI	11
TACE + RFA	8
TARE	4
DSM-TACE	1
Number of treatments after BCLC C diagnosis
None	22 (20)
Single	32 (29.1)
Multiple	56 (50.9)
Type of treatment after BCLC C diagnosis (one or more per patient)
Sorafenib	53
TACE	25
TARE	18
Second line systemic agent	15
PEI	12
DSM-TACE	5
LT	3
RFA	1
Best tumor response
CR	10 (9.1)
PR	21 (19.1)
SD	12 (10.9)
PD	67 (60.9)
DC
No	67 (60.9)
Yes	43 (39.1)

Continuous variables are reported as median value and range, categorical variables as frequencies and percentage. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NASH: Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis; NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; PS: Performance status; AFP: Alphafetoprotein; DC: Disease control; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; TARE: Transarterial radioembolization; DSM-TACE: Degradable starch microspheres transarterial chemoembolization; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; LT: Liver transplant; CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable disease; PD: Progressive disease; DC: Disease control.