Acute-on-chronic liver failure in a multi-ethnic Asian city: A comparison of patients identified by Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver and European Association for the Study of the Liver definitions

Table 3 Organ failures, laboratory parameters and outcome of acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with respect to acute-on-chronic liver failure grade n (%)

	ACLF0 (n = 6)	ACLF1 (n = 7)	ACLF2 (n = 24)	ACLF3 (n = 33)1	P value
Organ failures-clif-sofa score
Liver	1 (16.7)	1 (14.3)	12 (50)	27 (81.8)	< 0.0001
Kidney	0	4 (57.1)	10 (41.7)	25 (75.8)	0.002
Cerebral	0	1 (14.3)	2 (8.3)	13 (39.4)	0.018
Coagulation	1 (16.7)	1 (14.3)	16 (66.7)	25 (75.8)	0.002
Circulation	0	0	7 (30.4)	26 (78.8)	< 0.0001
Respiration	0	0	2 (8.3)	7 (21.2)	0.22
Chronic renal disease	0	2 (28.6)	5 (20.8)	3 (9.1)	0.245
Laboratory data (mean)
Leucocyte count at baseline, × 109/L	8 (6-11)	11 (6-16)	10 (7-12)	12 (10-13)	0.256
Platelet count at baseline	127 (42-212)	61 (40-82)	104 (78-129)	149 (105-193)	0.105
Bilirubin at baseline, mg/dL	7.0 (4.2-9.8)	7.7 (-3.1-18.5)	10 (4.9-15.1)	13.9 (9.9-17.8)	0.29
Peak bilirubin, mg/dL	11.3 (4.1-18.5)	10.7 (-4.2-25.5)	14.1 (9.1-19)	23 (18.7-27.3)	0.009
Creatinine at baseline, mg/dL	0.9 (0.4-1.3)	2.1 (1.3-2.9)	1.4 (1.1-1.8)	1.8 (1.1-2.4)	0.232
Peak creatinine, mg/dL	0.9 (0.5-1.2)	2.2 (1.4-3.1)	1.8 (1.4-2.1)	3.1 (2.6-3.7)	< 0.0001
Lactate at baseline, mmol/L	2.1 (1.4-2.7)	2.3 (2.1-2.6)	2.4 (1.7-3.2)	4.1 (2.4-5.7)	0.225
MELD score at baseline (mean)	23 (20-26)	21 (11-31)	20 (17-24)	26 (23-30)	0.113
Liver transplantation	1 (16.7)	0	6 (26.1)	1 (3)	0.043
Mortality during admission	0	3 (42.9)	10 (41.7)	28 (84.8)	< 0.0001
90-d mortality	0	3 (42.9)	11 (45.8)	29 (87.9)	< 0.0001

¹Only patients with cirrhosis were included in this analysis. P-value of comparison of patients with ACLF grade 0, 1, 2 and 3. ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure.