Liver immunology and herbal treatment

Table 1 Features of CD4+ cell subsets

	Th1	Th2	T17	Treg	Tfh
Produced Cytokines	IFN-gama, TNF-alpha, IL-2	IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13	IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-26	TGF-beta, IL-10	CXCR5, IL-21
Immune response mediated aginst	Intracellular pathogens	Extracellular parasites, allergy, humoral response	Extracellular bacteria and fungi, autoimmunity	IgA secretion, self-tolerance	Differentiation of B cells
Master transcription factors for differentiation	T-bet	GATA-3	RORct	Foxp3	Bcl6
Effected cells	Macrophages, cytotoxic cells activated	Eosinophils, mast cells activated	Neutrophils activated	B cells activated Th1, Th2, Th17 supressed	B cells activated

IFN: Interferons; IL: Interleukin; TGF: transforming growth factor; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.