Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Table 1 Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in healthcare workers

Ref.	Year of enrollment	Country	No. of subjects	Type of study	HBsAg positive, n (%)	Anti-HBc positive, n (%)
Elzouki et al[54]	2008	Libya	601	Cross-sectional	11 (1.8)	51 (8.5)
Alqahtani et al[55]	NR	Saudi Arabia	300	Cross-sectional	1 (0.3)	25 (8)
Arguillas et al[56]	1990	Philippines	123	Case-control	8 (6.5)	81 (65.8)
Aziz et al[57]	NR	Pakistan	250	Cross-sectional	6 (2.4)
Butsashvili [58]	2006	Georgia	1386	Cross-sectional	28 (2)	402 (29)
Fisker et al[59]	1998	Denmark	960	Cross-sectional	14 (1.5)
Fritzsche et al[60]	2011	Cameroon	237	Cross-sectional	15 (6.3)	174 (73.4)
Kateera et al[61]	2013	Rwanda	378	Cross-sectional	11 (2.9)
Kondili et al[62]	2004	Albania	480	Cross-sectional	39 (8.1)	338 (70)
Calleja-Panero et al[63]	2007-2010	Spain	4986	Cross sectional	36 (0.77)
Ozsoy et al[64]	1998	Turkey	702	Case-control	21 (3)
Petrosillo et al[65]	1985	Italy	5813	Cross-sectional	108 (1.8)
Rehman et al[66]	1996	Pakistan	95	Case-control	5 (5)	27 (28)
Rybacki et al[67]	2009	Poland	520	Cross-sectional	6 (1.2)	99 (19)
Sarwar et al[68]	2006	Pakistan	125	Cross-sectional	3 (2.4)
Slusarczyk et al[69]	2008	Poland	961	Cross-sectional	4 (0.4)1	151 (15.7)
Thomas et al[70]	1991	United States	943	Case-control	1 (0.1)	59 (6.2)
Ciorlia et al[71]	1994-1999	Brazil	1433	Cross-sectional	11 (0.8)

¹Hepatitis B virus-DNA positivity in anti-HBc-positive subjects. NR: Not reported; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; Anti-HBc: Hepatitis B virus core antigen.