Portal hypertensive gastropathy: A systematic review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, natural history and therapy

Table 8 Different classification systems for portal hypertensive gastropathy

Ref.	Mild	Moderate	Severe
McCormack et al[3]	Fine pink speckling (scarlatina type rash)		Discrete red spots (analogous to cherry
	Superficial reddening, especially on rugal surface (striped appearance)		red spots in esophagus)
	Fine white reticular pattern separating areas of raised edematous mucosa (snake skin)		Diffuse hemorrhagic gastritis
McCormick et al[7]	Mosaic or snake skin appearance	Presence of erythema	Presence of erosions or hemorrhagic gastritis
Tanoue et al[180]	Mild reddening, congestive mucosa, no mosaic - like pattern	Severe redness and a fine reticular pattern separating the areas of raised edematous mucosa (mosaic-like pattern) or a fine speckling	Grade III (severe)
			Point bleeding + grade II (moderate)
Spina et al[70] (NIEC)	Mosaic-pattern: Presence of small,		Red point lesions (1 mm in diameter, flat)
	polygonal areas surrounded by a		Cherry-red spots (2 mm, slight protrusion)
	whitish-yellow depressed border		Black-brown spots (irregularly shaped, persistently present after washing)
Sarin et al[8]	Discrete cherry red spots, with or without mosaic pattern		Presence of confluent red spots, diffusely distributed in a large portion of the stomach
Sarin et al[181] (Baveno II Consensus Workshop)[181]	Mild ≤ 3 points1		Severe ≥ 4 points1
			Gastric antral ectasia
			Absent (0)
			Present (2)
Yoo et al[182]	Fine pink speckling (scarlatina type rash)		Discrete red spots
2-category classification	Superficial reddening		Diffuse hemorrhagic lesion
	Mosaic pattern
Yoo et al[182]	Mild reddening	Flat red spot in center of a pink areola	Diffusely red areola
3-category classification	Congestive mucosa	Severe redness and a fine reticular pattern	Pinpoint bleeding
	Diffuse pink areola		Discrete or confluent red mark lesion

¹Points assigned for Baveno II consensus according to the following: Mild mucosal mosaic pattern = 1 point, severe mucosal mosaic pattern = 2 points; isolated red markings = 1 point, confluent red markings = 2 points; gastric antral ectasia present = 2 points.