Changes in cellular proliferation and plasma products are associated with liver failure

Table 2 Systemic inflammatory products in the plasma samples from patients with acute hepatitis or acute liver failure and healthy subjects

Plasma variables	HC (n = 22)	AH (n = 49)	ALF (n = 13)	HC vs AHa	HC vs ALF	AH vs ALF
IL-6 (pg/mL)	15.07 ± 25.92 (3.58-26.57)1	68.93 ± 109.7 (38.39-99.46)	509.30 ± 678.70 (147.6-870.9)	0.0009	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
IL-8 (pg/mL)2	ND	10.50 ± 20.05 (4.92-16.09)	144.70 ± 437.6 (-88.45-377.9)	< 0.001	< 0.0001	ns
IL-10 (pg/mL)	1.81 ± 5.58 (-0.66-4.28)	17.28 ± 51.97 (2.81-31.75)	249.60 ± 379.60 (47.35-451.9)	0.0006	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
IFNγ (pg/mL)	4.80 ± 18.00 (-3.18-12.79)	113.0 ± 265.33 (39.1-186.8)	229.70 ± 342.20 (47.37-412.1)	0.0075	< 0.0001	0.0016
TNFα (pg/mL)	1.08 ± 2.38 (0.02-2.13)	27.25 ± 64.05 (9.42-45.08)	179.40 ± 161.40 (93.42-265.4)	ns	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
mtDNA (ng/100 μL plasma)	81.79 ± 121.6 (27.88-135.7)	159.6 ± 202.2 (64.99-254.3)	4228.00 ± 4286.0 (1944-6512)	0.0131	< 0.0001	0.0008

¹Mean ± standard deviation (95%CI);

²IL-8 levels in the plasma samples were evaluated only by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

^aP < 0.05. The differences between the acute liver failure patients, the self-limited acute hepatitis patients and the healthy controls were evaluated by intergroup comparisons using the Mann-Whitney U-test. IL: Interleukin; IFNγ: Interferon gamma; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor alpha; mtDNA: Total mitochondrial DNA; ND: Not detectable; ns: Not significant; HC: Healthy control; AH: Acute hepatitis (viral plus non-viral etiologies); ALF: Acute liver failure (viral plus non-viral etiologies).