Liver resection for early hepatocellular cancer: Comparison of centers in 3 different countries

Table 3 Predictors of 1-year and 5-year overall mortality in resected stage 1 and 2 hepatocellular cancer patients in Honolulu, Tokyo and Shanghai

Covariates	Univariate			Multivariate
	Hazard ratio	Confidence interval	P value	Hazard ratio1	Confidence interval	P value
1-yr
Age (yr, ≥ 50 vs < 50)	1.29	0.66-2.55	0.46	1.41	0.68-2.92	0.36
Sex (male vs female)	1.39	0.82-2.38	0.22
AFP (ng/mL, ≥ 20 vs < 20)	2.28	1.33-3.91	0.003	2.27	1.32-3.90	0.003
Cirrhosis (yes vs no)	1.13	0.65-1.95	0.66
Tumor size (cm, ≥ 5 vs < 5)	2.64	1.60-4.34	0.0001	2.00	1.17-3.43	0.01
Albumin (g/dL, < 3.5 vs≥ 3.5)	1.72	1.01-2.94	0.045	2.10	1.20-3.68	0.01
AJCC stage (2 vs 1)	0.90	0.55-1.49	0.16
Childs Pugh (B vs A)	1.27	0.46-3.49	0.64
Hepatitis B (+ vs -)	0.77	0.47-1.28	0.33
Hepatitis C (+ vs -)	0.73	0.42-1.25	0.25
Tokyo vs Honolulu	0.32	0.17-0.58	0.0002	0.33	0.17-0.65	0.001
Shanghai vs Honolulu	0.43	0.23-0.78	0.005	0.54	0.28-1.03	0.06
5-yr
Age (yr, ≥ 50 vs < 50)	1.12	0.79-1.60	0.52	1.14	0.77-1.69	0.53
Sex (male vs female)	1.14	0.84-1.56	0.40
AFP (ng/mL, ≥ 20 vs < 20)	1.56	1.17-2.06	0.002	1.57	1.17-2.10	0.002
Cirrhosis (yes vs no)	1.32	0.97-1.80	0.08	1.59	1.12-2.26	0.009
Tumor size (cm, ≥ 5 vs < 5)	1.66	1.24-2.23	0.0007	1.84	1.34-2.54	0.0002
Albumin (g/dL, < 3.5 vs≥ 3.5)	1.91	1.41-2.58	< 0.0001	1.72	1.21-2.46	0.003
AJCC stage (2 vs 1)	1.30	0.98-1.72	0.07
Childs Pugh (B vs A)	1.78	1.05-3.02	0.03	1.33	0.73-2.43	0.35
Hepatitis B (+ vs -)	0.87	0.65-1.15	0.31
Hepatitis C (+ vs -)	1.11	0.83-1.49	0.48
Tokyo vs Honolulu	0.74	0.53-1.03	0.08	0.51	0.33-0.78	0.002
Shanghai vs Honolulu	0.66	0.46-0.94	0.02	0.47	0.31-0.72	0.0006

¹Multivariate model adjusted for covariates listed. AFP: Alpha fetal protein; AJCC: American Joint Commission on Cancer.