Liver resections can be performed safely without Pringle maneuver: A prospective study

Table 3 Perioperative parameters and characteristics of hepatic resections, shown as total and as subgroups according to the types of resection

Perioperative data	Total (n = 143)	Anatomical resections (n = 77)	Atypical resections > 5 cm (n = 50)	Combination of anatomical and atypical resections (n = 16)	P-values
Intraoperative parameters
Median operation time (min)	361 (78-726)	386 (134-726)	299 (78-692)	362 (120-567)	0.00613
Median CVPmin during liver resection (mmHg)	4 (-5 to 14)	3 (-5 to 12)	5 (-3 to 14)	4 (-4 to 12)	0.0511
Median total blood loss per procedure (n = 143) (mL)	500 (50-5000)	500 (50-5000)	400 (50-1500)	700 (150-2400)	0.02143
No. of patients needing ECs (% of n = 143 procedures)1	22 (15%)	14 (18%)	6 (12%)	2 (13%)	0.9854
Mean number of ECU during total hospital stay, per procedure (n = 143)2	0.4 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.1	0.3 ± 0.1	0.2 ± 0.1	0.4844
Postoperative parameters
Median length of ICU stay (d)	3 (0-44)	3 (0-15)	3 (0-44)	3 (2-5)	0.2960
Median length of hospital stay (d)	13 (3-99)	14 (3-95)	12 (4-99)	12 (7-32)	0.04503
Maximum SAPS, median (range)	27 (7-40)	26 (14-40)	27 (7-40)	27 (14-39)	0.6001
Median weight of resected liver tissue (g) per procedure (n = 143)	340 (8-1850)	525 (51-1850)	53 (8-490)	352 (40-1018)	< 0.00013

¹Since some patients had simultaneously more than 1 resection, the percentage of the perioperative need for ECs is calculated per number of procedures. P-values were calculated, comparing the variable of interest in between the different resection groups (Anova one-way analysis Kruskal-Wallis);

²Continuous variables are expressed as median (range), except presented as mean ± SEM;

³Denote statistical significance among resections in the group of anatomical, atypical, and combinated resections. CVP: Central venous pressure; EC: Erythrocyte concentrate; ECU: Erythrocyte concentrate unit; ICU: Intensive care unit; SAPS: Simplified acute physiology score.