Hypolactasia is associated with insulin resistance in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Table 3 Associations of the lactase-13910 phenotype in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients (n = 93)

	Hypolactasia	Lactase persistence	P value
Age	55.96 ± 10.91	57.61 ± 9.33	0.443
Gender: Female % (n)	70.83 (34)	60.98 (25)	0.51
Type 2 diabetes % (n)	66.67 (30)	57.5 (23)	0.664
Dyslipidaemia % (n)	82.22 (37)	77.5 (31)	0.792
High-blood pressure % (n)	68.89 (31)	57.5 (23)	0.273
BMI	31.39 ± 6.55	31.28 ± 5.37	0.714
BMI ≥ 30 % (n)	58.14 (25)	65 (26)	0.388
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	122.61 ± 50.14	123.83 ± 46.43	0.892
Insulin (μU/mL)	23.47 ± 15.94	15.8 ± 8.33	0.027a
HOMA-IR value ≥ 2.5 (n)	91.84 (45)	72.22 (26)	0.02a
AST (U/L)	38.94 ± 37.66	42.67 ± 40.15	0.121
ALT (U/L)	51.47 ± 69.44	52.12 ± 35.02	0.072
GGT (U/L)	97.49 ± 118.27	80.51 ± 65.6	0.427
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	196.62 ± 47.13	195.55 ± 44.06	0.965
HDL (mg/dL)	46.38 ± 12.26	46.05 ± 15.06	0.698
LDL (mg/dL)	117.19 ± 39.47	114.25 ± 39.9	0.893
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	169.11 ± 82.97	162.3 ± 83.11	0.477
Steatosis
1	21.28 (10)	24.39 (10)	0.453
2	51.06 (24)	39.02 (16)
3	27.66 (13)	36.59 (15)
Inflammation
0	2.13 (1)	7.32 (3)	0.133
1	61.7 (29)	46.34 (19)
2	23.4 (11)	39.02 (16)
3	12.77 (6)	7.32 (3)
Fibrosis
0	18.75 (9)	14.63 (6)	0.804
1	39.58 (19)	43.9 (18)
2	16.67 (8)	17.07 (7)
3	20.83 (10)	19.51 (8)
4	4.17 (2)	4.88 (2)
MetS	51.92 (27)	53.66 (19)	1

^aP value < 0.05. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: Homeostatic Model of Assessment; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; GGT: Gamma glutamyl transferase; MetS: Metabolic syndrome.