Metabolomics studies identify novel diagnostic and prognostic indicators in patients with alcoholic hepatitis

Table 2 Patient characteristics

Factor	Cirrhosis with acute decompensation from etiologies other than alcohol (n = 23)		Alcoholic hepatitis (n = 25)		P-value
	n	Summary	n	Summary
Age (yr)	14	53.8 ± 9.8	20	51.5 ± 10.4	0.511
Male	21	13 (61.9)	23	10 (43.5)	0.223
Caucasian	10	10 (100.0)	19	16 (84.2)	0.534
AST	23	40.0 (33.0, 75.0)	25	138.0 (88.0, 161.0)	< 0.0012b
ALT	23	21.0 (15.0, 30.0)	25	51.0 (42.0, 71.0)	< 0.0012b
Bilirubin	23	3.8 (1.4, 6.0)	25	9.4 (6.8, 21.7)	0.0052b
Albumin	23	2.8 ± 0.66	25	2.8 ± 0.68	0.861
INR	23	1.5 ± 0.41	25	1.7 ± 0.59	0.161
PT	23	16.4 ± 4.5	25	19.1 ± 6.1	0.0951
Creatinine	23	0.94 (0.74, 1.5)	25	0.72 (0.57, 1.04)	0.0622
MELD score	23	16.4 ± 8.8	25	20.5 ± 10.0	0.141
Maddrey's score	16	22.2 (16.0, 37.0)	17	43.5 (34.0, 60.6)	0.0282a
Ascites	23		25		0.142
None		9 (39.1)		14 (56.0)
Small		4 (17.4)		6 (24.0)
Large		9 (39.1)		4 (16.0)
Severe		1 (4.3)		1 (4.0)
HE	23		25		0.942
None		2 (8.7)		6 (24.0)
Mild		12 (52.2)		7 (28.0)
Severe		9 (39.1)		12 (48.0)
Steroids	23	2 (8.7)	25	13 (52.0)	0.0013b
Trental	23	3 (13.0)	25	9 (36.0)	0.0673
OLT	23	2 (8.7)	25	1 (4.0)	0.604
Deceased	23	6 (26.1)	25	8 (32.0)	0.653

P-values were calculated using the test corresponding to superscript characters:

¹ANOVA;

²Kruskal-Wallis test;

³Pearson’s χ² test;

⁴Fisher’s exact test.

^aP < 0.05 and

^bP < 0.01. AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; OLT: Orthotopic liver transplantation; PT: Prothrombin time; INR: International normalized ratio; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy.