Metabonomic window into hepatitis B virus-related hepatic diseases

Table 3 Summary of metabolomic studies of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Ref.	Year	Species	Tissue	Platform	Up-regulated	Down-regulated
Li et al[56]	2015	Human	Liver	NMR	Fructose-bisphosphatealdolase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, alpha-enolase, citrate synthase	4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
		Hepatoblastoma cell line	Host cell		Phosphoglycerate kinase 1	Fumarylacetoacetase
		HepG2.2.15/HepG2			Triosephosphate isomerase
					Sussinate dehydrogenase
					Malate dehydrogenase
Liu et al[52]	2013	Human	Liver	UPLC-MS	Sitosterol-beta, L-phenylalanine, LysoPC [18:2 (9Z, 12Z)], quinaldic acid glycerophosphocholine, LysoPC (18:0)	Arachidyl carnitine
		HCC 10			LysoPE (18:0/0:0), chenodeoxycholic acid glycine conjugate	Tetradecanal
		Central/distant			LysoPE [18:3 (9Z, 12Z, 15Z)/0:0]	Oleamide
					LysoPC [22:6 (4Z, 7Z, 10Z, 13Z, 16Z, 19Z)] M
					LysoPC [20:4 (5Z, 8Z, 11Z, 14Z)]
Zhou et al[23]	2012	Human	Serum	LC-MS	GCA, GCDCA, C16:1-CN	Tryptophan, C10:1-CN, C8-CN, C10-CN,
		HCC 30 N 30				C6-CN, LysoPC (20:5)
		HCC/N				LysoPC (0:0/14:0), LysoPC (20:3), LysoPC (14:0/0:0)
Yin et al[41]	2009	Human	Serum	LC-MS	Taurocholic acid, GCA, bilirubin, TCDCA, GCDCA, oleic acid, taurocholic acid, carnitine, L-acetylcarnitine	Hypoxanthine, phytosphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, LPC C18:2, LPC C18:3, LPC C16:1, LPC C18:0 phytosphingosine, inosine, hypoxanthine, taurine, 6-methylnicotinic acid
		HCC 24 N 25
		HCC/N

LC-MS: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; LysoPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine; LysoPE: Lysophosphatidylethanolamine; LPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine; GCA: Glycocholic acid; TCDCA: Taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid; UPLC-TOFMS: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometer; CN: C16:1-acylcarnitine; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.