Metabonomic window into hepatitis B virus-related hepatic diseases

Table 2 Summary of metabolomic studies of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis

Ref.	Year	Species	Tissue	Platform	Up-regulated	Down-regulated
Liu et al[42]	2013	Human	Serum	NMR	L-phenylalanine, C16 sphinganine, alpha-CEHC, LysoPC (18:1), linoelaidic acid, PC (18:4/20:1), bilirubin	L-carnitine, decanoyl-L-carnitine, phytosphingosine, 3α, 6α, 7α, 12α-tetrahydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid PC (14:1/14:1), LysoPC (16:0)
		LC 42		LC-MS
		N 18
		LC/N
Wang et al[39]	2012	Human	Urine	GC-MS	Prolile, citrate, aconitate, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate, taurohyocholate, glycocholate, glycoursodeoxycholate	Threonine, hippurate, 2-aminobutyrate, cis-aconitate, pyroglutamate, alpha-hydroxyisobutyrate, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, alpha-hydroxyhippurate, estrone
		LC 63		UPLC-TOFMS
		N 31
		LC/N
Zhou et al[23]	2012	Human	Serum	LC-MS	GCA, GCDCA, CN	Tryptophan, LysoPC (20:5), LysoPC (0:0/14:0), LysoPC (22:6), LysoPC (14:0/0:0), LysoPE (20:4), C10-CN, C10:1-CN, C8-CN, C6-CN
		CIR 30
		N 30
		CIR/N
Yin et al[41]	2009	Human	Serum	RRLC	Taurocholic acid fragment, GCA, bilirubin, TCDCA fragment, GCDCA, oleic acid fragment, taurocholic acid fragment, carnitine fragment, L-acetylcarnitine	Hypoxanthine, lysoPC C18:2, LPC C18:3, LPC C16:1, LPC C18:0, Hypoxanthine fragment, inosine, taurine, 6-methylnicotinic acid
		LC25 N25
		LC/N
		Xue et al[40]					2009	HBV infected human	Serum	GC-MS	Acetic acid, hexanoic acid, 1-naphthalenamine, butanoic acid	Sorbitol, D-Lactic acid, phosphoric acid, D-glucitol, glucose
LC20 non-LC 20
LC/non-LC

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; LC-MS: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; GCA: Glycocholic acid; TCDCA: Taurochenodeoxycholic acid; GCDCA: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid; LC: Liver cirrhosis; PC: Phosphatidylcholine; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; Alpha-CEHC: 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman; LysoPC: Lysophosphatidylcholine; LysoPE: Lysophosphatidylethanolamine; UPLC-TOFMS: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometer; CN: C16:1-acylcarnitine; GC-MS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.