Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in rheumatoid arthritis patients undergoing biologic treatment: Extending perspective from old to newer drugs

Table 2 Nomenclatures and definitions used in hepatitis B virus infection

Markers	Chronic inactive carrier	HBeAg positive CHB	HBeAg negative CHB	“Resolved hepatitis B”
HBsAg	+	+	+	-
HBeAg	-	+	-	-
Anti-HBe	+	-	+/-	+/-
Anti-HBs	+	-	+/-	+/-
Anti-HBc	+	+/-	+	+/-
ALT	-	+/-	+	-
Serum HBV-DNA	Undetectable/< 2000 IU/mL	Persistent/intermittent ↑ (> 20000 IU/mL)	Persistent/intermittent ↑ (> 2000 UI/mL)	Detectable or undetectable
Liver injury	+/-	Moderate/severe CHB	Minimal to severe CHB	-
Necroinflammation	No (> 90%)	Yes (> 90%)	No (> 90%)	No

CHB: Chronic hepatitis B; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; anti-HBe: Antibodies to hepatitis B e antigen; anti-HBs: Antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen; anti-HBc: Antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.