Role of surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma based on Japanese clinical guidelines for hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma

Classification	Year	Background	Variables
			Tumor status	Liver function	Health status
Okuda staging	1985	850 Japanese patients	50% liver involvement	Ascites, bilirubin, albumin	-
BCLC staging	1999	Selected papers	Size, number, vascular invasion, Okuda stage	Child-Pugh, bilirubin, porta hypertension	Performance status
CLIP score	2000	435 Italian patients	50% liver involvement, vascular invasion, AFP	Child-Pugh	-
CUPI	2002	926 Chinese patients	TNM, AFP	Bilirubin, albumin, alkaline phosphatase	Presence of symptoms
JIS score	2003	3334 Japanese patients	TNM (Japanese)	Child-Pugh	-
m-JIS score	2006	42269 Japanese patients	TNM (Japanese)	Liver damage	-
Tokyo score	2005	403 Japanese patients	Size, number	Bilirubin, albumin	-

BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CLIP: Cancer of the liver Italian Program; CUPI: Chinese University Prognostic Index; JIS: Japan Integrated Staging; m-JIS: Modified Japan Integrated Staging; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein. Revise from ref. [22].