Antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B in renal transplant patients

Table 3 Definition of terms relating to antiviral resistance to nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment

Term	Definition
Virologic breakthrough	Increase in serum HBV DNA by > 1 log10 (10-fold) above nadir after achieving virologic response, during continued treatment
Viral rebound	Increase in serum HBV DNA to > 20000 IU/mL or above pretreatment level after achieving virologic response, during continued treatment
Biochemical breakthrough	Increase in ALT above upper limit of normal after achieving normalization, during continued treatment
Genotypic resistance	Detection of mutations that have been shown in “in vitro” studies to confer resistance to the NA that is being administered
Phenotypic resistance	In vitro confirmation that the mutation detected decreases susceptibility (as demonstrated by increase in inhibitory
	concentrations) to the NUC administered

NUC: Nucleos(t)ide analogue.