Biliary complications after pediatric liver transplantation: Risk factors, diagnosis and management

Table 2 Different biliary reconstruction techniques in pediatric liver transplantation and biliary complications incidence

Ref.	N	Type of graft	BE/DD	Suture technique	Stent	BC	BS	BL
Okajima et al[38]	6	LDLT	0/6	Interrupted	Yes	16.6%	16.6%	0
Sakamoto et al[12]	19	LDLT	0/19	Continuous and interrupted	Yes, but not routine	47.4%	36.8%	10.5%
Shirouzu et al[3]	30	LDLT	20/10	Interrupted	Yes	6.6%	3.3%	3.3%
Liu et al[10]	7	LDLT	3/4	Interrupted	No	14.2%	0	14.2%
Anderson et al[5]	66	Whole, split and reduced	51/15	Continuous and interrupted	No	26%	23%	3%
Tanaka et al[37]	60	LDLT	46/14	Continuous and interrupted/only interrupted	Yes/No	20%	11.7%	5%
Haberal et al[39]	31	LDLT	0/31	-	No	15.6%	9.3%	6.2%
Ando et al[9]	49	LDLT	47/2	Interrupted, wide interval	Yes	4%	2%	2%
Chok et al[40]	78	LDLT	74/4	Continuous posterior/interrupted anterior	No		16.7%
Feier et al[4]	489	LDLT	-	Continuous and interrupted	No	14.5%	9.2%	6.7%
Darius et al[30]	429	Whole, split, reduced and LDLT	395/24	Interrupted	No	23%	13.2%	3.0%

BE: Bilioenteric anastomosis; DD: Duct-to-duct anastomosis; BC: Biliary complication; BS: Biliary stricture; BL: Bile leak; LDLT: Living donor liver transplant.