Recent advances in mouse models of obesity- and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-associated hepatocarcinogenesis

Table 1 Mouse models of obesity- and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis - associated hepatocellular carcinoma

	Obesity	Insulin resistance	Steatosis	Steatohepatitis	Fibrosis	HCC
Dietary models
Long-term HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
CD-HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
High fat and fructose diet	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Dietary in combination with chemotoxic agent models
DEN with HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes
STZ with HFD	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
DMBA with HFD	Yes	N/A	Yes	No	No	Yes
Genetically engineered models
Liver-specific PTEN knockout mice and p110α transgenic mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Liver-specific NEMO knockout mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
miR-122 knockout mice	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
FXR knockout mice	No	Yes	Yes (mild)	Yes (mild)	Yes	Yes
AOX knockout mice	No	N/A	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
MAT1A knockout mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
FLS mice crossed with ob/ob mice	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Dominant negative form of RARα transgenic mice	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
Genetic manipulation in combination with dietary models
MUP-uPA transgenic mice with HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Adiponectin knockout mice with HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No (adenoma)
AIM knockout mice with HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes
MC4R knockout mice with HFD	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

N/A: Not assessed; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HFD: High-fat diet; CD: Choline-deficient; DEN: Diethylnitrosamine; STZ: Streptozotocin; DMBA: Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene; NEMO: Nuclear factor κB essential modulator; miR: MicroRNA; FXR: Farnesoid X receptor; AOX: Acetyl CoA oxidase; MAT1A: Methionine adenosyl transferase 1A; FLS: Fatty liver Shionogi; RAR: Retinoid acid receptor; AIM: Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage; MC4R: Melanocortin 4 receptor.